Bufotes luristanicus (Schmidt, 1952)
Accepted species in Catalogue of Life’s 11 September 2026 base release. This preserves the source classification and available supporting data; it is not a completed species monograph.
Open encyclopedia reference
Bufotes luristanicus, the Lorestan earless toad or Lorestan toad (not to be confused with Luristan toad), is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to the Zagros Mountains in Iran and occurs at an altitude of 350–1,300 m (1,150–4,270 ft), most often near rocky outcrops or freshwater ponds, which it also uses for breeding. Little is known about this species, but it is not considered threatened overall. Some local populations may be threatened by habitat loss from human activities or drought.
Adult B. luristanicus have a snout–to–vent length of c. 3.5–7 cm (1.4–2.8 in). It resembles its close relative B. surdus (Luristan (earless) toad). Both are relatively small, dull-coloured and with no or a tiny tympanum. Unlike most Bufotes species, the adults never have large and conspicuous green spots to the upperpart of their body. They have no greenish spots at all, except sometimes on their limbs, or small and often ring-shaped spots. In juveniles, the spots are relatively larger.
Wikipedia contributors, Bufotes luristanicus; see linked history · CC BY-SA 4.0 . Plain-text lead excerpt, at most 180 words; no infobox or later sections Retrieved 2026-10-05T15:35:37.328548+00:00. This reference remains separate from the taxonomic record.
Identity & source status
- Scientific name
- Bufotes luristanicus (Schmidt, 1952)
- Name authority
- (Schmidt, 1952)
- Rank
- species
- Accepted status
- accepted
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Phylum
- Chordata
- Class
- Amphibia
- Order
- Anura
- Family
- Bufonidae
- Genus
- Bufotes
- Extinction status
- Recorded extant
Classification family tree
Nested taxonomic groups from the source. This is not a direct-ancestor chain, a dated evolutionary tree or a phylogenetic reconstruction.
- domainEukaryota (Chatton, 1925) Whittaker & Margulis, 1978
- kingdomAnimalia
- phylumChordata
- subphylumVertebrata
- infraphylumGnathostomata
- parvphylumOsteichthyes
- megaclassTetrapoda
- classAmphibia
- orderAnura
- familyBufonidae Gray, 1825
- genusBufotes Rafinesque, 1815
- speciesBufotes luristanicus (Schmidt, 1952)
Close classified relatives
These entries share the source’s genus, Bufotes. They are not necessarily the closest relatives established by molecular evidence.
| Species | Classification | Source status |
|---|---|---|
| Bufotes zugmayeri (Eiselt & Schmidtler, 1973) | BufonidaeChordata | Accepted speciesRecorded extant |
| Bufotes cypriensis Litvinchuk, Mazepa, Jablonski & Dufresnes, 2019 | BufonidaeChordata | Accepted speciesRecorded extant |
| Bufotes latastii (Boulenger, 1882) | BufonidaeChordata | Accepted speciesRecorded extant |
| Bufotes oblongus (Nikolskii, 1896) | BufonidaeChordata | Accepted speciesRecorded extant |
| Bufotes pseudoraddei (Mertens, 1971) | BufonidaeChordata | Accepted speciesRecorded extant |
| Bufotes surdus (Boulenger, 1891) | BufonidaeChordata | Accepted speciesRecorded extant |
| Bufotes turanensis (Hemmer, Schmidtler & Böhme, 1978) | BufonidaeChordata | Accepted speciesRecorded extant |
| Bufotes boulengeri (Lataste, 1879) | BufonidaeChordata | Accepted speciesRecorded extant |
Names & synonyms
Names explicitly linked to this accepted taxon in the source. Synonymy can change with revision.
| Recorded name | Source status |
|---|---|
| Pseudepidalea luristanica (Schmidt, 1952) (Schmidt, 1952) | synonym |
| Bufo luristanicus Schmidt, 1952 Schmidt, 1952 | synonym |
| Bufo surdus luristanicus Schmidt, 1952 Schmidt, 1952 | synonym |
| Bufo luristanica Schmidt, 1952 Schmidt, 1952 | synonym |
Source literature & publication evidence
References attached to this source record, including nomenclatural citations where supplied. This is a selected bibliography; abbreviated citations remain in the source’s form.
- https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=1103487 Source fields: Taxon.tsv dwc:namePublishedIn, Taxon.tsv dcterms:references
Origins, evidence & remaining research
Name authority and publication references document nomenclature where the source supplies it. They do not establish evolutionary origins or the earliest fossil occurrence.
Specimen-level evidence, morphology, ecological research, phylogenetic studies, a comprehensive bibliography and a located literary passage have not yet been compiled for this record. A suitable sourced image remains to be added.
Dataset citation & attribution
This exact taxon in ChecklistBank · Catalogue of Life 2026-09-11
Catalogue of Life 2026-09-11; dataset 316321; doi:10.48580/dgz5n. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ . Retrieved 5 October 2026.
Stable key: col:NPMH. Classification follows source parent identifiers. English common names may vary by region.