Bufo ailaoanus Kou, 1984
Accepted species in Catalogue of Life’s 11 September 2026 base release. This preserves the source classification and available supporting data; it is not a completed species monograph.
Open encyclopedia reference
The Ailao toad (Bufo ailaoanus) is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to China. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests and rivers. It was discovered in the Ailaoshan National Nature Reserve in Ailao Mountains, Yunnan. The toad was first described in 1984 and has not been seen since, as it is hard to find and thought to be rare. It is a small toad, about 40 mm (1.6 in) in length.
Wikipedia contributors, Ailao toad; see linked history · CC BY-SA 4.0 . Plain-text lead excerpt, at most 180 words; no infobox or later sections Retrieved 2026-10-05T15:34:41.108417+00:00. This reference remains separate from the taxonomic record.
Identity & source status
- Scientific name
- Bufo ailaoanus Kou, 1984
- Name authority
- Kou, 1984
- Rank
- species
- Accepted status
- accepted
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Phylum
- Chordata
- Class
- Amphibia
- Order
- Anura
- Family
- Bufonidae
- Genus
- Bufo
- Extinction status
- Recorded extant
Classification family tree
Nested taxonomic groups from the source. This is not a direct-ancestor chain, a dated evolutionary tree or a phylogenetic reconstruction.
- domainEukaryota (Chatton, 1925) Whittaker & Margulis, 1978
- kingdomAnimalia
- phylumChordata
- subphylumVertebrata
- infraphylumGnathostomata
- parvphylumOsteichthyes
- megaclassTetrapoda
- classAmphibia
- orderAnura
- familyBufonidae Gray, 1825
- genusBufo Garsault, 1764
- speciesBufo ailaoanus Kou, 1984
Close classified relatives
These entries share the source’s genus, Bufo. They are not necessarily the closest relatives established by molecular evidence.
| Species | Classification | Source status |
|---|---|---|
| Bufo minshanicus Stejneger, 1926 | BufonidaeChordata | Accepted speciesRecorded extant |
| Bufo andrewsi Schmidt, 1925 | BufonidaeChordata | Accepted speciesRecorded extant |
| Bufo bankorensis Barbour, 1908 | BufonidaeChordata | Accepted speciesRecorded extant |
| European ToadBufo bufo (Linnaeus, 1758) | BufonidaeChordata | Accepted speciesRecorded extant |
| Bufo cryptotympanicus Liu & Hu, 1962 | BufonidaeChordata | Accepted speciesRecorded extant |
| Bufo eichwaldi Litvinchuk, Borkin, Skorinov & Rosanov, 2008 | BufonidaeChordata | Accepted speciesRecorded extant |
| Bufo luchunnicus (Yang & Rao in Yang, 2008) | BufonidaeChordata | Accepted speciesRecorded extant |
| Bufo torrenticola Matsui, 1976 | BufonidaeChordata | Accepted speciesRecorded extant |
| Caucasian ToadBufo verrucosissimus (Pallas, 1814) | BufonidaeChordata | Accepted speciesRecorded extant |
| Bufo yunlingensis Rao, Hui, Zhu & Ma, 2022 | BufonidaeChordata | Accepted speciesRecorded extant |
| Bufo praetextatus Boie, 1826 | BufonidaeChordata | Accepted speciesRecorded extant |
| Bufo tuberculatus Zarevskij, 1926 | BufonidaeChordata | Accepted speciesRecorded extant |
Names & synonyms
Names explicitly linked to this accepted taxon in the source. Synonymy can change with revision.
| Recorded name | Source status |
|---|---|
| Torrentophryne ailaoanus (Kou, 1984) (Kou, 1984) | synonym |
Source literature & publication evidence
References attached to this source record, including nomenclatural citations where supplied. This is a selected bibliography; abbreviated citations remain in the source’s form.
- https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=661721 Source fields: Taxon.tsv dwc:namePublishedIn, Taxon.tsv dcterms:references
Origins, evidence & remaining research
Name authority and publication references document nomenclature where the source supplies it. They do not establish evolutionary origins or the earliest fossil occurrence.
Specimen-level evidence, morphology, ecological research, phylogenetic studies, a comprehensive bibliography and a located literary passage have not yet been compiled for this record. A suitable sourced image remains to be added.
Dataset citation & attribution
This exact taxon in ChecklistBank · Catalogue of Life 2026-09-11
Catalogue of Life 2026-09-11; dataset 316321; doi:10.48580/dgz5n. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ . Retrieved 5 October 2026.
Stable key: col:NNXY. Classification follows source parent identifiers. English common names may vary by region.