Duttaphrynus kotagamai (Fernando & Dayawansa in Fernando, Dayawansa & Siriwardhane, 1994)
Accepted species in Catalogue of Life’s 11 September 2026 base release. This preserves the source classification and available supporting data; it is not a completed species monograph.
Duttaphrynus kotagamai is a species of toads endemic to Sri Lanka
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Open encyclopedia reference
Duttaphrynus kotagamai (Kotagama's dwarf toad) is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae endemic to Sri Lanka.
Its natural habitats are tropical moist lowland forests, moist montane forests, and rivers.
It is threatened by habitat loss. D. kotagamaii is named after Sarath Kotagama. A grown male is 33–40 mm in length, while a female reaches 55–63 mm. It is nocturnal, and lives commonly under rocks or decomposed leaves. It is found in Massena, Kitulgala, and Singharaja forests. Its diet consists of termites and grasshoppers. Its breeding biology has not been recorded, but it presumably takes place in water, probably in streams.
Habitat loss (small-scale agriculture) and human disturbance (local tourism) are the primary threats to this species. It is considered endangered by the IUCN.
The body is orangish with a pale color on the ventral surface. Side brown patches can be seen on occasion. Its skin is dry and has warts, and there are three pale stripes between the eyes.
Wikipedia contributors, Duttaphrynus kotagamai; see linked history · CC BY-SA 4.0 . Plain-text lead excerpt, at most 180 words; no infobox or later sections Retrieved 2026-10-05T16:00:04.803255+00:00. This reference remains separate from the taxonomic record.
Identity & source status
- Scientific name
- Duttaphrynus kotagamai (Fernando & Dayawansa in Fernando, Dayawansa & Siriwardhane, 1994)
- Name authority
- (Fernando & Dayawansa in Fernando, Dayawansa & Siriwardhane, 1994)
- Rank
- species
- Accepted status
- accepted
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Phylum
- Chordata
- Class
- Amphibia
- Order
- Anura
- Family
- Bufonidae
- Genus
- Duttaphrynus
- Extinction status
- Recorded extant
Classification family tree
Nested taxonomic groups from the source. This is not a direct-ancestor chain, a dated evolutionary tree or a phylogenetic reconstruction.
- domainEukaryota (Chatton, 1925) Whittaker & Margulis, 1978
- kingdomAnimalia
- phylumChordata
- subphylumVertebrata
- infraphylumGnathostomata
- parvphylumOsteichthyes
- megaclassTetrapoda
- classAmphibia
- orderAnura
- familyBufonidae Gray, 1825
- genusDuttaphrynus Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan et al., 2006
- speciesDuttaphrynus kotagamai (Fernando & Dayawansa in Fernando, Dayawansa & Siriwardhane, 1994)
Close classified relatives
These entries share the source’s genus, Duttaphrynus. They are not necessarily the closest relatives established by molecular evidence.
| Species | Classification | Source status |
|---|---|---|
| Duttaphrynus beddomii (Günther, 1876) | BufonidaeChordata | Accepted speciesRecorded extant |
| Duttaphrynus mizoramensis (Mathew & Sen, 2009) | BufonidaeChordata | Accepted speciesRecorded extant |
| Duttaphrynus chandai Das, Chetia, Dutta & Sengupta, 2013 | BufonidaeChordata | Accepted speciesRecorded extant |
| Duttaphrynus manipurensis (Mathew & Sen, 2009) | BufonidaeChordata | Accepted speciesRecorded extant |
| Duttaphrynus kiphirensis (Mathew & Sen, 2009) | BufonidaeChordata | Accepted speciesRecorded extant |
| Duttaphrynus himalayanus (Günther, 1864) | BufonidaeChordata | Accepted speciesRecorded extant |
| Duttaphrynus microtympanum (Boulenger, 1882) | BufonidaeChordata | Accepted speciesRecorded extant |
| Duttaphrynus totol (Ohler in Teynié, David & Ohler, 2010) | BufonidaeChordata | Accepted speciesRecorded extant |
| Duttaphrynus stuarti (Smith, 1929) | BufonidaeChordata | Accepted speciesRecorded extant |
| Duttaphrynus wokhaensis (Mathew & Sen, 2009) | BufonidaeChordata | Accepted speciesRecorded extant |
Names & synonyms
Names explicitly linked to this accepted taxon in the source. Synonymy can change with revision.
| Recorded name | Source status |
|---|---|
| Bufo kotagamai Fernando & Dayawansa in Fernando, Dayawansa & Siriwardhane, 1994 Fernando & Dayawansa in Fernando, Dayawansa & Siriwardhane, 1994 | synonym |
Source literature & publication evidence
References attached to this source record, including nomenclatural citations where supplied. This is a selected bibliography; abbreviated citations remain in the source’s form.
- Fernando, Dayawansa & Siriwardhane, 1994 Source fields: Taxon.tsv dwc:namePublishedIn, Taxon.tsv dcterms:references
Origins, evidence & remaining research
Name authority and publication references document nomenclature where the source supplies it. They do not establish evolutionary origins or the earliest fossil occurrence.
Specimen-level evidence, morphology, ecological research, phylogenetic studies, a comprehensive bibliography and a located literary passage have not yet been compiled for this record.
Dataset citation & attribution
This exact taxon in ChecklistBank · Catalogue of Life 2026-09-11
Catalogue of Life 2026-09-11; dataset 316321; doi:10.48580/dgz5n. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ . Retrieved 5 October 2026.
Stable key: col:6DQ46. Classification follows source parent identifiers. English common names may vary by region.