Raorchestes chalazodes (Günther, 1876)
Accepted species in Catalogue of Life’s 11 September 2026 base release. This preserves the source classification and available supporting data; it is not a completed species monograph.
Raorchestes chalazodes, an endemic frog of Western ghats.
David V. Raju · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Image sourceProvider-generated thumbnail requested at 800 pixels; no local editing Local WebP display rendition; resized without cropping.
Open encyclopedia reference
Raorchestes chalazodes, also known as Chalazodes bubble-nest frog, white-spotted bush frog, or Günther's bush frog, is a critically endangered species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. Raorchestes chalazodes is a nocturnal and arboreal species found in the understorey of tropical moist evergreen forest and is endemic to the Western Ghats of India. The specific name chalazodes is composed of the Greek word χάλαζα (chalaza) meaning "lump" and -odes for the derived adjective, reflecting white granulation of the body. It has been observed between 1200 and 1600 meters above sea level. The original holotype was collected in 1876 by Colonel Richard Henry Beddome in Travancore and given to Albert C. L. G. Günther. Before its rediscovery in 2011 in the Upper Kodayar Region in Tamil Nadu, the species was thought to be extinct. Raorchestes chalazodes make their oviposition sites in the internodes of the Ochlandra travancorica species of bamboo, where the adult male will take care of the egg clutch. Raorchestes chalazodes is also the only species in its genus that is reported to exhibit parental care.
Wikipedia contributors, Raorchestes chalazodes; see linked history · CC BY-SA 4.0 . Plain-text lead excerpt, at most 180 words; no infobox or later sections Retrieved 2026-10-05T18:27:31.891672+00:00. This reference remains separate from the taxonomic record.
Identity & source status
- Scientific name
- Raorchestes chalazodes (Günther, 1876)
- Name authority
- (Günther, 1876)
- Rank
- species
- Accepted status
- accepted
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Phylum
- Chordata
- Class
- Amphibia
- Order
- Anura
- Family
- Rhacophoridae
- Genus
- Raorchestes
- Extinction status
- Recorded extant
Classification family tree
Nested taxonomic groups from the source. This is not a direct-ancestor chain, a dated evolutionary tree or a phylogenetic reconstruction.
- domainEukaryota (Chatton, 1925) Whittaker & Margulis, 1978
- kingdomAnimalia
- phylumChordata
- subphylumVertebrata
- infraphylumGnathostomata
- parvphylumOsteichthyes
- megaclassTetrapoda
- classAmphibia
- orderAnura
- familyRhacophoridae Hoffman, 1932
- subfamilyRhacophorinae Hoffman, 1932
- genusRaorchestes Biju, Shouche, Dubois, Dutta & Bossuyt, 2010
- speciesRaorchestes chalazodes (Günther, 1876)
Close classified relatives
These entries share the source’s genus, Raorchestes. They are not necessarily the closest relatives established by molecular evidence.
| Species | Classification | Source status |
|---|---|---|
| Raorchestes agasthyaensis Zachariah, Dinesh, Kunhikrishnan, Das, Raju, Radhakrishnan, Palot & Kalesh, 2011 | RhacophoridaeChordata | Accepted speciesRecorded extant |
| Raorchestes akroparallagi (Biju & Bossuyt, 2009) | RhacophoridaeChordata | Accepted speciesRecorded extant |
| Raorchestes archeos Vijayakumar, Dinesh, Prabhu & Shanker, 2014 | RhacophoridaeChordata | Accepted speciesRecorded extant |
| Raorchestes beddomii (Günther, 1876) | RhacophoridaeChordata | Accepted speciesRecorded extant |
| Raorchestes bobingeri (Biju & Bossuyt, 2005) | RhacophoridaeChordata | Accepted speciesRecorded extant |
| Raorchestes bombayensis (Annandale, 1919) | RhacophoridaeChordata | Accepted speciesRecorded extant |
| Raorchestes chotta (Biju & Bossuyt, 2009) | RhacophoridaeChordata | Accepted speciesRecorded extant |
| Raorchestes chromasynchysi (Biju & Bossuyt, 2009) | RhacophoridaeChordata | Accepted speciesRecorded extant |
| Raorchestes dubois (Biju & Bossuyt, 2006) | RhacophoridaeChordata | Accepted speciesRecorded extant |
| Raorchestes shillongensis (Pillai & Chanda, 1973) | RhacophoridaeChordata | Accepted speciesRecorded extant |
| Raorchestes signatus (Boulenger, 1882) | RhacophoridaeChordata | Accepted speciesRecorded extant |
| Raorchestes sushili (Biju & Bossuyt, 2009) | RhacophoridaeChordata | Accepted speciesRecorded extant |
Names & synonyms
Names explicitly linked to this accepted taxon in the source. Synonymy can change with revision.
| Recorded name | Source status |
|---|---|
| Pseudophilautus chalazodes (Günther, 1876) (Günther, 1876) | synonym |
| Rhacophorus chalazodes (Günther, 1876) (Günther, 1876) | synonym |
| Ixalus chalazodes Günther, 1876 Günther, 1876 | synonym |
| Philautus chalazodes (Günther, 1876) (Günther, 1876) | synonym |
Source literature & publication evidence
References attached to this source record, including nomenclatural citations where supplied. This is a selected bibliography; abbreviated citations remain in the source’s form.
- https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=1102190 Source fields: Taxon.tsv dwc:namePublishedIn, Taxon.tsv dcterms:references
Origins, evidence & remaining research
Name authority and publication references document nomenclature where the source supplies it. They do not establish evolutionary origins or the earliest fossil occurrence.
Specimen-level evidence, morphology, ecological research, phylogenetic studies, a comprehensive bibliography and a located literary passage have not yet been compiled for this record.
Dataset citation & attribution
This exact taxon in ChecklistBank · Catalogue of Life 2026-09-11
Catalogue of Life 2026-09-11; dataset 316321; doi:10.48580/dgz5n. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ . Retrieved 5 October 2026.
Stable key: col:4RJ9N. Classification follows source parent identifiers. English common names may vary by region.