whitemouth croaker
Micropogonias furnieri (Desmarest, 1823)
Accepted species in Catalogue of Life’s 11 September 2026 base release. This preserves the source classification and available supporting data; it is not a completed species monograph.
Open encyclopedia reference
Micropogonias furnieri, the whitemouth croaker, golden croaker, hardhead, mangrove snapper, rocando ronco, two-belly bashaw, West Indian croaker, West Indian drum or whitemouth drummer, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. This fish is found in the western Atlantic Ocean.
Wikipedia contributors, Micropogonias furnieri; see linked history · CC BY-SA 4.0 . Plain-text lead excerpt, at most 180 words; no infobox or later sections Retrieved 2026-10-05T07:34:54.487512+00:00. This reference remains separate from the taxonomic record.
Identity & source status
- Scientific name
- Micropogonias furnieri (Desmarest, 1823)
- Name authority
- (Desmarest, 1823)
- Common name
- whitemouth croaker
- Rank
- species
- Accepted status
- accepted
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Phylum
- Chordata
- Class
- Teleostei
- Family
- Sciaenidae
- Genus
- Micropogonias
- Extinction status
- Not supplied by this source
Source habitat flags: Marine: yes · Freshwater: no · Terrestrial: no. These do not form a complete habitat description.
Classification family tree
Nested taxonomic groups from the source. This is not a direct-ancestor chain, a dated evolutionary tree or a phylogenetic reconstruction.
- domainEukaryota (Chatton, 1925) Whittaker & Margulis, 1978
- kingdomAnimalia
- phylumChordata
- subphylumVertebrata
- infraphylumGnathostomata
- parvphylumOsteichthyes
- gigaclassActinopterygii
- superclassActinopteri
- classTeleostei
- familySciaenidae Cuvier, 1829
- genusMicropogonias Bonaparte, 1831
- speciesMicropogonias furnieri (Desmarest, 1823)
Close classified relatives
These entries share the source’s genus, Micropogonias. They are not necessarily the closest relatives established by molecular evidence.
| Species | Classification | Source status |
|---|---|---|
| Gulf croakerMicropogonias megalops (Gilbert, 1890) | SciaenidaeChordata | Accepted speciesExtinction status not supplied |
| golden croakerMicropogonias altipinnis (Günther, 1864) | SciaenidaeChordata | Accepted speciesExtinction status not supplied |
| slender croakerMicropogonias ectenes (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882) | SciaenidaeChordata | Accepted speciesExtinction status not supplied |
| Atlantic croakerMicropogonias undulatus (Linnaeus, 1766) | SciaenidaeChordata | Accepted speciesExtinction status not supplied |
Names & synonyms
Names explicitly linked to this accepted taxon in the source. Synonymy can change with revision.
| Recorded name | Source status |
|---|---|
| Micropogon furnieri (Desmarest, 1823) (Desmarest, 1823) | synonym |
| Micropogon manni Moreno, 1970 Moreno, 1970 | synonym |
| Micropogonias manni (Moreno, 1970) (Moreno, 1970) | synonym |
| Micropogonias opercularis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825) (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825) | synonym |
| Ophioscion woodwardi Fowler, 1937 Fowler, 1937 | synonym |
| Umbrina furnieri Desmarest, 1823 Desmarest, 1823 | synonym |
| Micropogon argentatus Cuvier, 1830 Cuvier, 1830 | synonym |
| Micropogon argenteus Cuvier, 1830 Cuvier, 1830 | synonym |
| Micropogon funieri (Desmarest, 1823) (Desmarest, 1823) | synonym |
| Micropogon furnieiri (Desmarest, 1823) (Desmarest, 1823) | synonym |
| Sciaena opercularis Quoy & Gaimard, 1825 Quoy & Gaimard, 1825 | synonym |
Source literature & publication evidence
References attached to this source record, including nomenclatural citations where supplied. This is a selected bibliography; abbreviated citations remain in the source’s form.
- https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=275307 Source fields: Taxon.tsv dwc:namePublishedIn, Taxon.tsv dcterms:references
Origins, evidence & remaining research
Name authority and publication references document nomenclature where the source supplies it. They do not establish evolutionary origins or the earliest fossil occurrence.
Specimen-level evidence, morphology, ecological research, phylogenetic studies, a comprehensive bibliography and a located literary passage have not yet been compiled for this record. A suitable sourced image remains to be added.
Dataset citation & attribution
This exact taxon in ChecklistBank · Catalogue of Life 2026-09-11
Catalogue of Life 2026-09-11; dataset 316321; doi:10.48580/dgz5n. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ . Retrieved 5 October 2026.
Stable key: col:4343F. Classification follows source parent identifiers. English common names may vary by region.