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Overview
Babam Mazza and Kugara are named separately but described together in Tremearne’s account. Their effects are said to be similar, particularly loss of power in the legs, and they arrive together at the performance. Each lies on the back, raises the body on hands and feet, and moves in that posture while bumping the buttocks against the ground beneath a black cloth. The profile treats them as the attested pair, rather than assuming the two names designate one spirit.
A wooden mortar is supposed to be placed upon the stomach and pounded. If that is not done, each kneels and strikes himself with a pestle instead. Tremearne obtained only part of the song: it connects Babam Mazza with Ayesha and calls Kugara the one with the pestle. The exact relationship to Ayesha is uncertain in the translated line, so it is not expanded into a complete genealogy.
Origins & earliest records
A. J. N. Tremearne combines interviews and descriptions of bori performances with comparative interpretation. These selected notices do not consistently name individual speakers; printed attributes are distinguished from his conjectures.
Records & interpretation
Complete selected notice in chapter XXIII, printed pp. 339–340; chapter read through its ending.
Selected bibliography
Documented works and useful reading. This is not a list of every appearance.
- 01
The Ban of the Bori: Demons and Demon-Dancing in West and North Africa
Chapter XXIII, printed pp. 339–340; complete attributed spirit notice and representation.
Family & connections
A source-supported family tree or inspiration record has not yet been compiled for this profile. Related reading below indicates a connection in subject matter, not a proven lineage or creative influence.
References
Sources supporting this profile. Linked pages have their own scope and editorial standards.
- Digitized historical ethnographic accountTremearne — Babam Mazza and KugaraResearch access: 2026-10-05
Image credits
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